77 - Russell traction

*Etymology: R. Hamilton Russell, Australian surgeon, 1860-1933;

*Most commonly used in flexion deformity of KNEE.

*A unilateral or a bilateral orthopedic mechanism that combines suspension and traction to immobilize, position, and align the lower extremities in the treatment of fractured femurs, hip and knee contractures, and disease processes of the hip and knee. Russell's traction is applied as adhesive or nonadhesive skin traction and uses a sling to relieve the weight of the lower extremities subjected to traction pull. A jacket restraint is often incorporated to help immobilize the patient.

76 - Gallows traction

*This is used in infants and children with femoral fractures.

*Indications Gallows Traction
- Child must weigh less than 12 kg
- Femoral fractures
- Skin must be intact

*Both the fractured and the well femur are placed in skin traction and the infant is suspended by these from a special frame. Vascular compromise is the biggest danger. Check the circulation twice daily. The buttocks should be just off the bed.